Journal of Interfaces, Thin Films, and Low dimensional systems

Modeling a high-performance broadband mid-infrared modulator using graphene-based hybrid plasmonic waveguide

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of Condensed Matter, Faculty of Physics, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran

2 Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Imam Khomeini Naval Academy, Nowshahr, Iran

Abstract

A graphene-based-hybrid plasmonic waveguide (GHPW) with a unique geometric structure is designed for surface plasmon polariton guidance and modulation at the frequency area of 10 to 30 THz. The GHPW consists of a graphene layer in the middle, a high-density polyethylene (HDPE) gating layer, two interior dielectric delimiter layers, and two exteriors semi-cylinder Germanium substrates symmetrically embedded on both edges of the graphene. Because of the matchless semi-cylinder structure design, the electromagnetic wave interaction with graphene ultimate subwavelength SPPs strong confinement with long propagation length. Small normalized mode area of ~10-4 and long propagation length of 10.67-28.92 μm at Fermi energy of 1.0 eV is attained for SPPs modes propagation of the GHPW in the frequency bound of 10-30 THz and semi-cylinder radius R > 450 nm, respectively. By controlling the graphene Fermi energy, it is found that the structure has a modulation depth higher than 20 % for the frequency band of 10-30 THz and arrives at the peak of approximately 100 % at a frequency greater than 28.75 THz. To benefit from the great broadband MIR propagation and modulation efficiency, the GHPW may promise different MIR waveguides, modulators, photonic, and optoelectronic devices.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Article Title [Persian]

مدلسازی یک مدولاتور پهن باند در ناحیه فروسرخ میانی با کارایی بالا با استفاده از موجبر پلاسمونیکی مخلوط بر پایه ی گرافن

Authors [Persian]

  • محمدرضا جعفری 1
  • اکبر اسدی 2

1 تهران، دانشگاه الزهرا، دانشکده فیزیک، بخش فیزیک ماده چگال

2 گروه فیزیک، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه علوم دریایی امام خمینی (ره)، نوشهر، ایران

Abstract [Persian]

یک موجبر پلاسمونیک هیبریدی مبتنی بر گرافن (GHPW) با ساختار هندسی منحصر به فرد برای هدایت و مدولاسیون پلاریتون پلاسمون سطحی (SPP) در محدوده فرکانس 30-10 THz طراحی شده است. این موجبر از یک لایه گرافن در وسط، یک لایه دریچه ای پلی اتیلن با چگالی بالا (HDPE) و دو لایه جداکننده دی الکتریک داخلی و دو زیرلایه ژرمانیوم نیمه استوانه ای تشکیل شده است که به طور متقارن در هر دو لبه گرافن تعبیه شده اند. برای انتشار مدهای SPP در ناحیه فرکانسی 10-30 تراهرتز، ناحیه مدی کوچک( 4-10~) و طول انتشار بلند (10.67-28.92 میکرومتر) در انرژی فرمی 1.0 الکترون ولت، بدست آمده است. با کنترل انرژی فرمی گرافن، مشخص شد که به ازای گستره فرکانسی 30-10 تراهرتز، این ساختار دارای عمق مدولاسیون بالاتر از 20 درصد است و در فرکانس بیشتر از 28.75 تراهرتز به بیشینه مقدار خود می رسد. موجبر پیشنهاد شده، نوید بخش بهره مندی از انتشار پهن باند با راندمان مدولاسیونی بالا، و ایجاد نسل متفاوتی از موجبرهای MIR، مدولاتورها، و دستگاه‌های فوتونیکی و نوری را می دهد.

Keywords [Persian]

  • گرافن
  • پلاسمونیک
  • موجبر
  • مدولاتور
  • فروسرخ میانی
  • روش المان محدود
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Journal of Interfaces, Thin Films, and Low dimensional systems
Volume 5, Issue 2
February 2022
Pages 505-515